Judicial Committee of the Privy Council

This is the final court of appeal for the UK overseas territories and Crown dependencies. It also serves those Commonwealth countries that have retained the appeal to His Majesty in Council or, in the case of republics, to the Judicial Committee.

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UK Supreme Court
Judgment
27 July 2026
Akbars Restaurant (Middlesbrough) Limited (Appellant) v Secretary of State for the Home Department (Respondent)
Lord Sales,
Lord Leggatt,
Lady Rose,
Lord Richards,
Lady Simler
This appeal concerns the validity of a civil penalty notice issued by the Secretary of State for the Home Department under section 15 of the Immigration Asylum and Nationality Act 2006. In view of the requirement under s.15(6)(a) that a notice must “state why the Secretary of State thinks the employer is liable to the penalty”, is the penalty notice invalid if it does not identify which of the grounds in s.15(1) applies (i.e. by specifying the circumstances in which a person subject to immigration control has no right to work)?
UK Supreme Court
Judgment
27 July 2026
The Kingdom of Bahrain (Appellant) v Shehabi and another (Respondents)
Lord Lloyd-Jones,
Lord Hamblen,
Lord Leggatt,
Lord Burrows,
Lady Simler
Is a foreign State whose agents, located abroad, cause spyware to be installed remotely on the computers of individuals located in the United Kingdom, causing those individuals psychiatric injury when they discover that the State has been spying on them in this way, entitled to immunity from civil proceedings under section 5 of the State Immunity Act 1978?
UK Supreme Court
Judgment
27 July 2026
Tesla, Inc and others (Respondents) v InterDigital Patent Holdings, Inc and another (Appellants) No 2
Lord Sales,
Lord Briggs,
Lord Hamblen,
Lord Burrows,
Lord Kitchin
Do the courts of England and Wales have jurisdiction to determine, at the request of an implementer, what terms are fair, reasonable and non-discriminatory (“FRAND”) for a licence to patents which have been declared as essential to a technological standard (called “SEPs”) where the relevant licence is offered by an intermediary as part of a pool or platform of SEPs?
Linked cases
UKSC/2025/0058 Tesla, Inc and another (Appellants) v InterDigital Patent Holdings, Inc and others (Respondents)
Cross Appeal
UK Supreme Court
Judgment
27 July 2026
Tesla, Inc and another (Appellants) v InterDigital Patent Holdings, Inc and others (Respondents)
Lord Sales,
Lord Briggs,
Lord Hamblen,
Lord Burrows,
Lord Kitchin
Do the courts of England and Wales have jurisdiction to determine, at the request of an implementer, what terms are fair, reasonable and non-discriminatory (“FRAND”) for a licence to patents which have been declared as essential to a technological standard (called “SEPs”) where the relevant licence is offered by an intermediary as part of a pool or platform of SEPs?
Linked cases
UKSC/2025/0058/A Tesla, Inc and others (Respondents) v InterDigital Patent Holdings, Inc and another (Appellants) No 2
Cross Appeal
UK Supreme Court
Judgment
27 July 2026
AXA Insurance UK PLC and another (Appellants) v Commissioners of Inland Revenue and another (Respondents)
Lord Hodge,
Lord Hodge,
Lord Hamblen,
Lord Hamblen,
Lord Leggatt,
Lord Leggatt,
Lady Rose,
Lady Rose,
Lord Richards,
Lord Richards
Was the Court of Appeal correct to hold that (A) whether the claims are time-barred has not been finally determined in the Prudential test case, and should be determined in the present proceedings by applying the law as it stands now (“Limitation Issue”); (B) GREA is not entitled to a claim in restitution for payment of unlawful advance corporation tax utilised against lawful tax or repaid before the issue of its claim (“Set-off Issue”); and (C) by 1 April 2010, the Appellants had not pleaded a claim in restitution for the recovery of unlawful tax paid as a result of their inability to offset unused double taxation relief credit (“Pleading Issue”)?